Process of treating certain derivatives of coal-tar colors



m M01121.) B. D. KENDALL.

PR O UEQS 0F TREATING UERTAIN DERIVATIVES 0E GOAL TAR COLORS.

Np. 256,330. Patented r.11,1 aa'2.

' To all whom it natty concern:

a-Be it kuown-that I, Emu-no D. KENDALL,

UNITE STATES PATENT E DWARD I).

PROCESS OF TREATING CERTAIN DERIVATIVES 0F COAL-TAR COLORS.

residingain'. the city of Brooklyn, county oi .Kin'gsand State of New York, have invented a-certain Improved Process of Treating Ccr tain Derivatives of Coal-Tar Hydrocarbons, of

which tbeii'ollowing is a specification. --'-';'lhis invention has for itsohject, first, the

prodnctioncfaniline and toluidine from corre' sponding nitromleriv-"atives of coal-tar hydrocarbons; "second, the production of various col'oringstibstun ces from the aniline and tolni KnsnAL or nnoo icnrs, ew YORK.

dine to be used as dyes in the various depart mentsof the arts;- and the invention consists chiefly in the process of subjecting the substances to ,be treated and thereby eonvertedto the action of the volt-aic current either fronts. battery. or a. dynamo-electric generator by placingnitro-benzine or a mixture of nitrob'eii'zino'nud' nitro-toluine in a-porous cup or 3 cell .andin a mixture of water and sulphuric .acid or saline water, and connecting -the same ,withthe negative electrode of a. battery or vol 'taic circuit in such 'a manner tha-t'the water will be decomposed and the nascent hydrogen i rvvill. combine with the nilro-benzine to fornr aniline"or mixedanilinc'aud toluidine, as will hereinafter appear.

- cell,' as willhereinn-ftcrnppcnr.

For the purposeot'accomphshing these 1111- The invention further consist s in subjecting the aniline, or a migxture ot' aniline and tolnidine, to the action of the positive electrode of i the battery or electric current in the presence of sulphuric acid and water, .ivhercby cooler-- yielding solid product will be precipituted'or deposited upon the positive electrodes or in the provements Ihuv'e made use of the well-known electrolytic cells with certain modifications; but these devices or apparatus form no part of thcLprescnt invention, as they will be ourbodicd in a future application for Letters Pat-- out, this being limited -to the process alone,

Figure 1 represents a perspective view of a. cell, aporons cup therein, with the carbons in proper position. Fig. 2 is a. side elevation of the porous cup with a carbon lllibtfillfllitllldfid 'in it, and Fig. 3 is a perspective view of three cellswith their carbons and conneetionsla-s would appcurin an organized series of many cells for conducting the u-o-rkvon a large scale. Any other form of cell may, however,.be used Frazer vention, which,-as alrcady'statcd, consists in placing a certain quantity ot'tbe nitro'benzino or mixed nitro benzine and: nitro-toluine in a porous cup or: cell, as at A, in which is suspended the carbon or negative electrode B, both of. which are placed in a cell', 6, which contains the positive electrode or carbon D'and E,

without departing i'roui' the nature of my insuspended on opposite sides of the porous cup or cell A, assh'own at Fig.1. The porous cnp'.

contains a mixture (by fluid measure) of; say,-

one partot: the nitro-bennine, or mixture oftbe nitro-benzinc and nitro-toluine,andtwo parts of ordinary sulphuric acid with thirty parts of water, in which is suspended the carbon plate B, attached to the negative pole of abattery, or

its equivalent, whileth'cothcrcarbonsnDandE,

are suspended in a. solution ofacidulated water without any of thenitratctl hydrocarbons in con tact \vith'them the result of which is thawster is decomposed and the oxygen is allowed to escape, \i'hilo thenascenthydrogen effects the 1 reduction of'thenitrobenzinc or mixed nitrobcnzine'and nitro-toluinc to the production of thecorres 'ion lingamido compounds. But, as 15 well known, it the hydrogen is once set free it will not act=on the said nitrated hydrocarbons, which hydrocarbons, being of greater specificj gravity thanihc dilute acid'and insetuble therein, will not under ordinary circumstances be brought in contact with the nascent hydrogen overtiie surfaces of the carbon plate B. Consequently I have suspended the carbon plate 15 or negative electrode by u screwclamp, 1 attached to the end ot a pentlnlous lever, G, supported upon a. pivot, H, and said lever is connected by a link, L, toe. crank-pin on a \vheelat M, to which motion maybe given in any convenient manner, so that the carbon platcB maybe gently vibrated in the solution in the porous cup, and thereby efi'c'ct the cornmingling o the elements therein, and thus furtiter insure the contact of the said n'itratei b5-drocarbbn with the hydrogenat the instant of its production or separation from' the oxygen oi the water. But to further insure the said combination the carbon plate B may be covered with a cloth or similar fibrous sub stance, as at N, the lower end of which is 1mion.

mersed in the liquid nitrated hydrocarbons? and lifts the elements to be converted along the surfaces of the carbon plate where the by i to them and h;

dgogen is being pioduced under the action of' the voltaic current, and thus a more intimate felalion may be established.

Holes may be formed in the cloth covering of the carbon, as'sliown at, 0, to permit a free circulation of the liquids in the porous cup.

I find that other acids and saline bodies may be used instead ot the sulphuric acid, but with less advantage.

The second feature of my invention, which pertains to the production of color-yieldini, solids, aml which is in fact an oxide of aniline or toluine, or both co.'i:blncd, will now be explained.

While. the ronversiou is going on in the por' ous (:up i have l'uuenl that theaniliue or tnluidine,or both united III a mixture ot'sulphuiic acid and water, may be placed in the cell 0 in contact with the positive eiectl'odes orcarbons I) and l), and upon which will be precipitated varionsLY-culored solids from the aniline ortoluine,or both, from which, hyditfereut chemical processes, coloring substances may be obtaiued-as, for example, a rose-red, similar to rosanilinc, a dart; blue, an emerald-green, a sap-green, and several shades of these colors-and thus simultaneously with the pro-- dnction of the aniline or toluidine the coloryiclding substances may be obtained from the same battery or voltaic curtcrmiued; but sullicient is known to show that I various coloring substances adapted for dye in, various colors are therebyproduced.

I therefore claim- 1. The mr-ilind or process of producing aniline or toluine from their corresponding nitro derivatives of coal-tar hydrocarbons by means of the voltaic current through the cathode in the presence of aciiluliited water, as hercinbt. t'ore set forth.

2. The method of prod ucinga color-yielding product or nxnlim-d compound of aniline or tnlnine, or a mixture of" both, by subjectinganiline or toluine, or a combination of both,'to the action of the voltaic current through the anode iu the presence of acidulated water, as hereinbefore set forth.

In witness" whereof I have. hereunto sub scribed ray-name and attixed my seatin the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDWARD I). KENDALL. -[on] Witnesses:

EUGENE N. Euor, Bovo liLtOT.

In compliance with the request. of the aasignees of Letters- Patent No. 256,330, granted April 11, 1882, upon the application of Edward D. Kendall of Brooklyn, N. Y for a'n improvement in the Process of Treating Certain Derivetivea of Coal Tar Colors," said grant is hereby limited so as to expire when either English Patent No. 384, dated January 25, 1882, French Patent No. 147,061, dated. January 25, 1882, or

dated Jafiuary 25, 1882, expires; and it is hereby certified Belgium Patent No. 56,885, that the pmpc euu'iea'aud corrections have been made in the tiles and mom of the Patent. Olfioe. This amendment is made that the Patent mey con 4887 of the Revised Statutes. v

Signed, oountersigneq, and sealed this 7th day,

form m the provisions of section of November, A. D. 1882.

{sEALJ M. L. JOBLYB,

Acting Secretary of the Iawrio Counfzrsigned: e

E. M. MARBLE,

Commissioner of Patents. 

